There are several main types of electronic components:
1. * * Passive components (Passive components)**
***Resistors are the simplest passive components used to restrict the flow of current. Its main parameter is the resistance value in ohms (OM). According to different materials and manufacturing processes, there are different types of carbon film resistors (carbon resistors), metal film resistors (metal resistors), coil resistors (planar resistors), etc. They are used for circuits with functions such as voltage division and current limiting. For example, in a simple series circuit, resistors can distribute voltage based on their resistance.
***Capacitor: It can store electric charge. Its main parameter is capacity size, measured in Farad, but in practical applications, more microfarad or Pikofarad are used. There are many types of capacitors, such as ceramic capacitors (ceramic capacitors), electrolytic capacitors (electrolytic capacitors), and tantalum capacitors (tantalum capacitors). They are used for filtering, connecting, energy storage and other circuits. D. Other matters For example, in power circuits, capacitors can filter the AC in the power supply, making the DC output signal smoother.
***Inductor (inductance) * *: It can store magnetic field energy, and the main parameter is the inductance value, measured in Henley (Gen Ri). Inductive coils play an important role in preventing rapid changes in current. The most common are hollow core inductor coils (hollow core inductor coils) and iron core inductor coils (metal inductor coils). It is often used in power circuits and high-frequency circuits of electronic devices. For example, in some pulse power supply circuits, the inductor coil is a key component of energy conversion.
2. * * Active ingredients (active ingredients)**
***Semiconductor devices (manufacturing equipment)**
***Diode: It has unidirectional conductivity and only transmits current in one direction. The main parameters include direct voltage drop and reverse withstand voltage. The common types of diodes are ordinary diodes used for rectification, such as converting AC to DC; Stabilizers for stabilizing voltage (zenerdiods); Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are used for display and illumination. Diodes are commonly used for power supply and indicator lights in electronic devices.
***Transistors can be used to amplify signals or as electronic switches. Bipolar junction transistor (bipolar transistor) and field-effect transistor (field-effect transistor) are different. It plays a crucial role in various circuits, such as audio amplifiers and digital circuits. For example, in audio amplifier circuits, transistors can amplify weak audio signals in order to play sound normally through speakers.
***Integrated circuit (IC) is a circuit that integrates a large number of electronic components (such as transistors, resistors, capacitors, etc.) onto a miniature semiconductor crystal. Integrated circuits can be divided into digital integrated circuits (ICs) based on their functions, such as microprocessors (Mikroprojessors) and microcontrollers (Mikronroller) used for data processing and control; Analog Integrated Circuit (Analogovve Integralnee) Semi is used for signal amplification, filtering, and other analog signal processing. In modern electronic products, integrated circuits are the main components, and devices such as smartphones and computers heavily rely on integrated circuits to perform various complex functions.
3. * * Sensor (sensor)**
***Temperature sensors are used to measure the temperature of the environment or objects. The most common ones are thermocouples (thermocouples) and thermistors (thermistors). Widely used in industrial automation, environmental monitoring, home appliances and other fields. For example, in a refrigerator, a temperature sensor can monitor the internal temperature and activate the cooling system when the temperature exceeds the set value.
***Pressure sensors are used to measure pressure. It mainly includes piezoresistive pressure sensors (piezoresistive pressure sensors) and capacitive pressure sensors (capacity pressure sensors). It is widely used in pressure control systems for automotive tires and industrial pipelines.
***Photoelectric sensor (photoelectric sensor) * *: It can detect the intensity of light or the presence of an object. For example, in an automatic door control system, photoelectric sensors can detect someone approaching and control the opening of the door.
4. * * Connector (connector)**
***Connectors are used to connect various electronic devices or circuit components. Similar USB connectors are used to connect computers and external devices such as USB drives, portable hard drives, etc. D.； Audio connectors are used to connect audio devices such as headphones and microphones. D. Other matters
***Socket *: Used together with a plug to provide a connection interface. There are different types of electrical sockets (power sockets), signal sockets (signal sockets), etc.
***Cables (Nura boards) are used to connect various components between or on circuit boards to ensure signal and power transmission. For example, a cable is usually used to transmit image signals and power between the laptop motherboard and the monitor screen.
5. * * Other Components (Additional Components)**
Quartz Generator (Quartz Converter) * *: Used to generate stable clock signals, it is a key component for synchronizing electronic devices. This is important in places that require precise time control, such as microprocessor systems and communication devices. For example, on a computer motherboard, a quartz generator provides a stable operating frequency for components such as the CPU.
***Fuses (fuses) are mainly used to protect circuits from damage caused by overcurrent. When the current in the circuit exceeds the rated current of the fuse, the fuse will open, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Fuses often appear in input components of various electronic devices.
